# De natura ossium 9

Hippocrates, De natura ossium, Chapter 9. Ancient Greek.

Canonical: https://interlinea.aeterna-institute.org/library/greek/hippocrates/de-natura-ossium/9

9. Αἱ παχύταται τῶν φλεβῶν πεφύκασι· τέσσαρα ζεύγεά εἰσιν ἐν τῷ σώματι. Καὶ αἱ μὲν αὐτέων ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς ὄπισθεν διὰ τοῦ αὐχένος, ἔξωθεν παρὰ τὴν ῥάχιν ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν εἰς τὰ ἰσχία ἀφικνέεται καὶ ἐς τὰ σκέλεα· ἔπειτα διὰ τῶν κνημέων ἐπὶ τῶν σφυρῶν τὰ ἔξω καὶ ἐς τοὺς πόδας ἀφήκει. Δεῖ οὖν τὰς φλεβοτομίας ἐπὶ τῶν ἀλγημάτων τῶν ἐν τῷ νώτῳ καὶ ἐν τοῖσιν ἰσχίοισιν ἀπὸ τῶν ἰγνύων ποιέεσθαι καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν σφυρῶν ἔξωθεν. Αἱ δὲ δεύτεραι φλέβες ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς παρὰ τὰ ὦτα διὰ τοῦ αὐχένος, σφαγίτιδες καλεόμεναι, ἔσωθεν παρὰ τὴν ῥάχιν ἑκατέρωθεν φέρουσι παρὰ τὰς ψόας ἐς τοὺς ὄρχιας καὶ ἐς τοὺς μηροὺς, καὶ [διὰ] ἰγνύων ἐκ τοῦ ἔσωθεν μέρεος· ἔπειτα διὰ τῶν κνημέων ἐπὶ τὰ σφυρὰ τὰ ἔσωθεν καὶ τοὺς πόδας. Δεῖ οὖν τὰς φλεβοτομίας ποιέεσθαι πρὸς τὰς ὀδύνας τὰς ἀπὸ τῶν ψοῶν καὶ τῶν ὀρχίων, ἀπὸ τῶν ἰγνύων καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν σφυρῶν ἔσωθεν. Αἱ δὲ τρίται φλέβες ἐκ τῶν κροτάφων διὰ τοῦ αὐχένος ἐπὶ τὰς ὠμοπλάτας, ἔπειτα ξυμφέρονται ἐς τὸν πλεύμονα, καὶ ἀφικνέονται ἡ μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν δεξιῶν ἐς τὰ ἀριστερὰ ὑπὸ τὸν μαζὸν καὶ ἐς τὸν σπλῆνα καὶ ἐς τὸν νεφρὸν, ἡ δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀριστερῶν ἐς τὰ δεξιὰ ἐκ τοῦ πνεύμονος ὑπὸ τὸν μαζὸν καὶ ἐς τὸ ἧπαρ καὶ ἐς τὸν νεφρόν· τελευτῶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀρχὸν αὗται ἀμφότεραι. Αἱ δὲ τέταρται ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔμπροσθεν τῆς κεφαλῆς καὶ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ὑπὸ τὸν αὐχένα καὶ ὑπὸ τὰς κληβδας· ἔπειτα ἀπὸ τῶν βραχιόνων ἄνωθεν ὑπὸ τὰς ξυγκαμπάς· ἔπειτα διὰ τῶν πήχεων ἐς τοὺς καρποὺς καὶ τοὺς δακτύλους· ἔπειτα πάλιν ἀπὸ τῶν δακτύλων διὰ τῶν στηθέων τῶν χειρῶν καὶ τῶν πήχεων ἐς τὰς ξυγκαμπάς· διὰ δὲ τῶν βραχιόνων καὶ τοῦ κάτωθεν μέρεος ἐς τὰς μασχάλας· καὶ ἐκ τῶν πλευρέων ἄνωθεν ἡ μὲν ἐς τὸν σπλῆνα ἀφικνέεται, ἡ δὲ ἐς τὸ ἧπαρ· ἔπειτα ὑπὲρ τῆς γαστρὸς ἐς τὸ αἰδοῖον τελευτῶσιν ἀμφότεραι. Καὶ αἱ μὲν παχεῖαι τῶν φλεβῶν οὕτω πεφύκασιν. Εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς κοιλίης φλέβες ἀνὰ τὸ σῶμα πολλαί τε καὶ παντοῖαι, δι’ ὧν ἡ τροφὴ τῷ σώματι ἔρχεται. Φέρουσι δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν παχειῶν φλεβῶν ἐς τὴν κοιλίην καὶ τὸ ἄλλο σῶμα καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐξωτάτω καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐσωτάτω, καὶ ἐς ἀλλήλας διαδιδόασιν αἵ τε ἔσωθεν ἔξω καὶ αἱ ἔξωθεν ἔσω. Τὰς οὖν φλεβοτομίας ποιέεσθαι χρὴ κατὰ τούσδε τοὺς τρόπους· ἐπιτηδεύειν δὲ δεῖ τὰς τομὰς, ὡς προσωτάτω ταμεῖν ἀπὸ χωρίων, ἔνθα ἂν αἱ ὀδύναι μεμαθήκωσι γίνεσθαι καὶ τὸ αἷμα ξυλλέγεσθαι· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν ἥκιστα ἥ τε μεταβολὴ γίνοιτο μεγάλη ἐξαπίνης, καὶ τὸ ἔθος μεταστήσειας ἂν, ὥστε μηκέτι ἐς τωὐτὸ χωρίον ξυλλέγεσθαι.

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Hippocrates, De natura ossium, ed. Émile Littré. Text: The Greek Library, from the Perseus Digital Library and other open sources, CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: apostrophes normalised and the text divided into reading sections by Interlinea.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Source: https://thegreeklibrary.pages.lisn.upsaclay.fr/works/tlg0627.tlg048.local001/.