1.2 to 1.8

If it were necessary to give the briefest possible definition of imperialism we should have to say that imperialism is the monopoly stage of capitalism. Lenin, Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism (1916) Imperialism is the object-less disposition of a state to expansion by force without assigned limits. Joseph A. Schumpeter, The Sociology of Imperialism (1918) p. 6. In its origins imperialism meant in the strictest sense the attempt of any nation to extend its control for purposes of exploitation over other peoples not at the moment included in the metropolitan area. Philip M. Brown, "Imperialism," The American Journal of International Law 39 (1945) p. 84. Imperialism and imperialistic are indiscriminately applied to any foreign policy, regardless of its actual character, to which the user happens to be opposed. Hans J. Morgenthaus, Politics Among Nations ,3rd ed. (New York 1960) p. 45. The term "imperialism" is no more precise, and its overuse and recent abuse is making it nearly meaningless as an analytical concept. . . ." imperialism" is "more often the name of the emotion that reacts to a series of events than a definition of the events themselves. Where Colonization finds analysts and analogies, imperialism must contend with crusaders for and against." Stuart Creighton Miller, Benevolent Assimilation The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899-1903 ,(Yale University Press, 1982) page 3, quoting Archibald Paton Thorton, Doctrines of Imperialism ,(1965) p. 3. "Imperialism" denotes a relationship . . . of a ruling or controlling power to those under its dominion. Empire is a state of affairs even when the imperial power is not formally constituted as such. George Lichtheim, Imperialism (New York 1971) p. 4. Imperialism is activity on the part of any state which establishes or subsequently exercises and maintains qualified or unqualified rights of sovereignty beyond the previous boundaries within which such rights were exercised. Robert Zevin, "An Interpretation of American Imperialism," The Journal of Economic History 32 (1972) p. 319.