1.1 to 1.8

accusatio -the bringing of a criminal charge, normally (until the early Empire) by a private citizen who, acting as the accuser (delator )lodged a complaint with a magistrate. If accepted, the magistrate would register the charge (inscriptio ),which could not then be withdrawn without permission of the court. actio in factum -an action given by the praetor on the facts of the case alone where no standard civil law action was applicable. *adoptio -an adoption where a dependent person (alieni iuris )is transferred to one family to another, involving the change of paterfamilias . *adrogatio -an adoption where an independent person (sui iuris )is transferred from one family to another, coming under the patria potestas of the pater familias of his adoptive family. This could be done only to save a family from extinction. *agnates -relatives through the male line, descended from a common male ancestor without any artificial break in the line of relationship (such as emancipation). Persons of either sex may be agnates, but the line could only be transmitted through males. If the common male ancestor (pater familias )was alive, the agnates were all in his patria potestas . Agnatic relations existed through adoption as fully as through blood. **bonae fidei iudicia -"actions of good faith" granted by the praetor for certain contractual relationships in which the iudex was required to take account of what ought to be done or given in good faith by the parties. Defenses (exceptiones )could be raised by the court even when not pled by the defendant. **bonitary ownership -possession protected by the praetor even though the formalities of transfer have not been followed. *cognates -all relatives, whether traced through the male or female lines.