4.1.225 to 4.1.230

(156) The third division of interdicts is into simple and double. (157) Simple interdicts are, for instance, those in which one party is plaintiff and the other defendant, and of this description are all those established for the restitution or the production of property; for he is the plaintiff who demands that the property be either produced or restored, and he is the defendant from whom it is demanded that he produce or restore it. (158) Of prohibitory interdicts some are double, and others simple. (159) Simple interdicts are, for instance, those by which the Prætor forbids a defendant to perform any illegal act on consecrated ground, or in a public stream, or on its bank; for the plaintiff is he who demands that the act shall not be committed, and the defendant is he who attempts to commit it. (160) Double interdicts are such, for instance, as Uti Possidetis and Utrubi . They are called double because the position of both litigants in them is the same, and neither is exclusively understood to be defendant or plaintiff, but both of them sustain the parts of defendant and plaintiff. In fact the Prætor addresses both in the same language, for the form of these interdicts is as follows: "I forbid force to be employed to prevent you from having possession of the property which you now possess." The terms of the other are as follows: "I forbid violence to be employed to prevent the party from removing the slave in dispute, and who has been in his possession for the greater part of the year." (161) The different kinds of interdicts having been" explained, let us next consider their order and effects, and we shall begin with those which are simple.