Latin
1.10 to 1.16
Sallust's Bellum Catilinae, here 1.10-16
Not analysed yet
2) Asyndeton (the ommission of conjunctions) resulting in "strings" of clauses without connectors, lists of words, and frequent lists of historical infinitives (see below). 3) Use of polar opposites to express an entire range. 4) Frequent parataxis in place of the complexities of Ciceronian Latinshort clauses, coordinated rather than subordinated, making frequent use of pronouns and particles to tie sentences together. Sallust is in love with the "historical infinitive". He will use an infinitive where normal rules of syntax would required a conjugated perfect tense. Rare in other authors, this form is used by Sallust so frequently that you will become accustomed to it quickly. Sallust uses some archaic spellings, such as -umus for -imus in superlatives (maxumum in place of maximum ,proximum in place of proximum ); -undus for -endus in gerunds (dicundi in place of dicendi ,etc.) ; voltum in place of vultum ,and the like. Sallust's choice of words was bold, sometimes innovative. He is fond of adverbs ending in -im (privatim ,singillatim ,partim ,praesertim ,paulatim ,separatim ),adjectives ending -osus (formidulosus ,negotiosus ,factiosus ,)and abstract nouns in -tudo (multitudo ,necessitudo ,magnitudo ,fortitudo ,etc.) . He uses common words with archaic meaning (check the notes, which will have both). On occasion a word will appear not found in earlier authors (antecapere ,portatio ,incruentus ). Other composite words (incelebratus ,incuriousus ,etc.) may be his creations as well. Perhaps most disconcerting to the novice reader is Sallust's famous inconcinnitas the lack of congruity or harmony in grammatical structures and a tendency to the unusual, unexpected, and asymmetrical. Sallust will vary the order of words in standard expressions; postpositives are found at the beginning of their sentence or clause. The balanced structures of Ciceronian prose are avoided in favor of odd pairings of prepositional phrases, of adverbs and ablatives, of conjugated verbs with historical infinitives, and the like. The result is striking and, according to Quintilian, ideally suited to historical narrativeprovided the reader is attentive and intelligent!