Latin
Lines 1.149-1.180
Virginia Certamen Questions, All Four Rounds 1.149-180
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11) Toss-Up: What river served as the geographical boundary of Italy and Cisalpine Gaul? RUBICON
Bonus: What large river in Northern Italy is fed by the Alps and serves as a major agricultural resource? PO
12) Toss-Up: The editor said that the next edition of the book would be out within three years. Translate the time construction into Latin. TRIBUS ANNIS
Bonus: The first edition was released two years ago. Translate that time construction. ABHINC DUOS ANNOS
13) Toss-Up: Who were the Gemini? CASTOR AND POLLUX
Bonus: Who were the Atridae? AGAMEMNON and MENELAUS
14) Toss-Up: Who was awarded a triumph in 81 BC, 71BC, and 61BC and the consulship in 70 BC, 55BC, and 52 BC although he was not a man of senatorial rank? POMPEY (THE GREAT)
Bonus: Who (reluctantly) cognominated Pompey "Magnus" in 81 BC? SULLA
15) Toss-Up: Translate into Latin: "Part of the boys and all of the girls." PARS PUERORUM ET OMNES PUELLAE
Bonus: How would you say "A few of us?" PAUCI NOSTRUM
16) Toss-Up: Identify the common bond: Tellus, Gaea, Terra. MOTHER EARTH (or MOTHER GODDESS)
Bonus: Identify: Bona Dea, Magna Mater, Cybele. THE GREAT MOTHER GODDESS
17) Toss-Up: The motto of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is Mens et manus . Translate. MIND AND HAND
Bonus: What is the meaning of Harvard's motto: Veritas ? TRUTH
18) Toss-Up: What Greek enchantress turned Odysseus' men into swine and detained him for a year? CIRCE
Bonus: On what island did this take place? AEAEA
19) Toss-Up: Today's date is March 30th. Using the appropriate abbreviations, give the date a first century AD Roman would understand it. a. d. III Kal. Apr.
Bonus: Now give the date without abbreviations. ANTE DIEM III (TRES) KALENDAS APRILES
20) Toss-Up: Numa Pompilius is said to have added two months to the original ten-month calendar. What two months did he add? JANUARY AND FEBRUARY
Bonus: Who further reformed the calendar in 45 BC? JULIUS CAESAR
ROUND 4
1) Toss-Up: You have reached the final round of competition. Now is not the time to rest on your laurels. What does that phrase mean? TO BE CONTENT OR SATISFIED WITH ONE'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS