Latin
Lines 1.56-1.84
Virginia Certamen Questions, Finals 1.56-84
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Bonus 2: Translate into Latin: "The man carried grain to the horse." Puer frumentum ad equum portavit.
14. Rome had an elaborate system of patronage. Early in the morning, clients would assemble at the home of their patron to greet him. In what room of the Roman house did this ceremony occur? atrium
Bonus 1: What was this morning ritual called? Salutatio
Bonus 2: The clients provided political support to the patron, and the patron provide jobs and even gifts of food. What was the name of the little basket in which those gifts were given? Sportula
15. The word fuerint can be third person plural perfect subjunctive. What other form can it be? Third person plural future perfect indicative
Bonus 1: Change this form to the present indicative. sunt
Bonus 2: In what tense and voice does sunt appear as a helping verb. perfect passive
16. Who was the last king of Troy? Priam
Bonus 1: What son of Achilles killed him? Pyrrhus/Neoptolemus
Bonus 2: What daughter-in-law of Priam, widow of Hector, did Pyrrhus take as a concubine? Andromache
17. The Germans used to call their leader kaiser ,the Russians tsar . From what famous Roman did these titles derive? Julius Caesar
Bonus 1: What two men lead the conspiracy against Caesar? Brutus and Cassius
Bonus 2: According to Shakespeare, Caesar's last words were Et tu, Brute ,but according to Roman historians, they were actually in Greek. What were his words and their meaning? kai su, teknon and you, child
18. In English we have the handy word "itinerary" that refers to the propose route or schedule of a trip. From what Latin word with what English meaning does this word derive? iter ,journey/march
Bonus 1: Give the accusative singular of iter . iter
Bonus 2: Give the genitive plural of iter . itinerum
19. Romans were known for being a somewhat bloodthirsty people. This reputation is enhanced by their love of gladiatorial combat. Gladiators didn't start out at entertainers, however, but as performers in religious ceremonies. At what events did gladiatorial combats originally occur? funerals
Bonus 1: What lightly clad gladiator fought with a net and a trident? retiarius
Bonus 2: What gladiator an oblong shield, a short sword, and a fish on the crest of his helmet? murmillo