Latin
Lines 1.31-1.23
Virginia Certamen Questions, Finals 1.31-23
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12. What many headed, serpentine child of Gaia rebelled against Zeus and defeated him when the two at first fought hand to hand? Typhon/Typhaeus.
Bonus 1: What weapon did Zeus us the second time to defeat Typhon? Thunderbolts.
Bonus 2: What horrible wife of Typhon produced monsters such as the hydra, the sphinx, and the chimera? Echidna.
13. My Introduction to Latin students were learning colors recently and came across the sentence "Tecta sunt rubra. "Why were Roman roofs often red? Because the tiles were made of red clay.
Bonus 1: Travertine was a fine building stone, but it became less prominent during the reign of Augustus. What building material replaced travertine? Marble.
Bonus 2: Opus caementicium consists of hydraulic mortar laid in alternate courses with aggregate, and it allows for the construction of vaulted chambers on a large scale. What is its more common name. Concrete.
14. A cum clause indicating cause or circumstance will usually require a verb in what mood? Subjunctive.
Bonus 1: Put mitto, mittere, misi, missum in the 1st person plural present subjunctive. mittamus.
Bonus 2: Translate the independent subjunctive mittamus . Let us send.
15. Translate into English: Romam quam Athenas ire malumus . We prefer to go to Rome rather than to Athens/we want to go to Rome more than to Athens.
Bonus 1: Say in Latin, "We do not wish to live in Athens." Athenis habitare nolumus.
Bonus 2: Malo and nolo are both contractions of volo and an adverb. What are the two adverbs and their meanings? magis -more, non -not.
16. Who was the first enemy of the Romans to introduce them to elephants? Pyrrhus.
Bonus 1: What was the name of his kingdom? Epirus.
Bonus 2: Pyrrhus is the eponym of our expression "Pyrrhic victory." What is a Pyrrhic victory? A victory with staggering losses.