# Round Four 1.54-83

Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Four, Lines 1.54-1.83. Latin.

Canonical: https://interlinea.aeterna-institute.org/library/latin/virginia-certamen-questions/round-four/1.54

12. What protective structure, built by a famous bearded emperor, spans the border between England and Scotland? HADRIAN'S WALL
Bonus A: The emperor Hadrian was also responsible for rebuilding what domed structure in Rome? THE PANTHEON
Bonus B: In what century did Hadrian rule? 3rd CENTURY A.D.
13. Hopefully you had a nice big breakfast before you came to the Certamen this morning. What is the Latin word that means breakfast? IENTACULUM
Bonus A: What is the Latin word for lunch? PRANDIUM
Bonus B: What is the Latin word for dessert? SECUNDA MENSA
14. Who is the Roman god of beginnings and endings? JANUS
Bonus A: Give an English derivative from that god's name. JANUARY
Bonus B: Why is it appropriate that January comes from Janus? BECAUSE JANUARY IS THE BEGINNING OF A NEW YEAR
15. We shall skip "K" and move on to "L." During what event would a young boy receive the manly toga, the toga virilis? LIBERALIA
Bonus A: What was the head of a Roman household called, in Latin? PATERFAMILIAS
Bonus B: What is the Latin name for a grandfather? AVUS
16. Give the Latin noun and its English meaning from which we derive our English word "intramural." MURUS MEANING WALL
Bonus A: Give the Latin word and its English meaning from which we derive our English word "concurrent." CURRO, CURRERE MEANING TO RUN
Bonus B: Give the Latin word and its English meaning from which we derive our English word "cibation." CIBUS MEANING FOOD
17. Quis sum? Sum deus Romanus marium et aquarum. NEPTUNE
Bonus A: Who was the wife of Neptune? AMPHITRYTE
Bonus B: What god, who was under the control of Neptune, was in charge of the winds? AEOLUS
18. Complete this analogy � foot is to pes as eye is to _____. OCULUS
Bonus A: Try this one � eye is to oculus as head is to _____. CAPUT
Bonus B: Now try this one � head is to caput as heart is to _____. COR
19. What Greek mathematician had a great influence on trigonometry, even developing a special theorem regarding triangles? PYTHAGORAS
Bonus A: Which Greek mathematician is known as the father of geometry? EUCLID

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Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Four. Text: The Latin Library (thelatinlibrary.com), used with permission. Changes: HTML markup removed and the text divided into reading sections by Interlinea.
License: Used with permission (https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/about.html). Source: https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/certamen/cc2002.1.4.html.