Latin
Lines 1.1-1.14
Virginia Certamen Questions, Round One 1.1-14
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Bonus: What are the principle parts of the verb and its meaning from which Orient derives? Orior, oriri, ortus sum /to rise.
2. What do these dates have in common: 390 B. C., 88 B. C., 410 A.D., 455 A.D. Rome was captured.
Bonus: Who captured and sacked Rome in 455 A.D.? The Vandals.
3. We hope that all of you will enjoy this competition. In that sentence the verb spero would normally be followed by what kind of construction? Indirect speech.
Bonus: Please translate that sentence. Speramus (omnes) vos gavisuruos (esse) hoc certamine.
4. Who forced Albinus and his Roman army to walk under the yoke in 110 B. C., but lived to regret it when Marius captured him four years later? Jugurtha.
Bonus: Another enemy of Rome forced an Roman army under the yoke two centuries earlier after surrounding the army in a valley in the hills north of Capua. Who were these enemies? Samnites.
5. Distinguish between impero and impeto . To command /to attack.
Bonus: Distinguish between latro and latro . Bandit /to bark.
6. What sad news did Antilochus bring to Achilles? The death of Patroclus.
Bonus: Who was the father of Antilochus? Nestor.
7. What was the mark of censure called in ancient Rome, placed next to a citizen's name on the census lists by the censors? Nota.
Bonus: If you were a senator, the nota meant of course that you were removed from the Senate. But what did it mean if you were a private citizen? Removal from your tribe and loss of voting privileges. (Either of these is sufficient).
8. Lucius wants to become famous, so he joins one of the Circus factions, buys a biga and enters the next race. What exactly is a biga ? Two-horse chariot.