# Round Three 1.1-14

Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Three, 1.1 to 1.14. Latin.

Canonical: https://interlinea.aeterna-institute.org/library/latin/virginia-certamen-questions/round-three-11/1.1

Bonus 1: Galba was the first emperor in the so-called "Year of Four Emperors." Who was the last? Vespasian . 2. Which of the following does not belong and why: vulpes, boves, leones, venatores, oves . Venatores, �cause they're not animals. Bonus: What does venatores mean? Hunters . 3. Hades was King of the Dead, but who was the god of death. Thanatos . Bonus: Thanatos' fatehr was the god of sleep. What was his name? Hypnos . 4. What year is this? Augustus was born, Cicero was consul, Catiline's conspiracy was unmasked, Caesar became pontifex maximus. 63 B.C. Bonus: Catiline was a pretty bad character, if we care to believe Cicero. How many speeches by Cicero against him have come down to us? 4 . 5. Translate this sentence: Vidimus feminas e villa currentes . We saw (or see) the women running from the villa (house, farmhouse). Bonus: If we wanted to say "We saw the animals which had been killed" and only wanted to use one word for "which had been killed", give me a word that would do the job. necata, occisa, caesa, interfecta, etc. 6. Which god gave Odysseus an herb to protect him from Circe's magic? Hermes / Mercury. Bonus: Put the following adventure of Odysseus in proper order: the Sirens, Cyclopes, Circe. Cyclopes, Circe, Sirens 7. What figure of the Late Republic was tutor to Claudius, an avowed supporter of Pompey, and the longest, if perhaps not the greates, of Roman historians. Livy . Bonus: How many books were in Livy's history? 142. 8. What emperor of the Late Empire managed to reconquer a large portion of the Western Empire, including Italy, north Africa, and the coast of Spain? Justinian . Bonus: What barbaric tribe had established itself in north Africa after the Germanic invasions, where it's kingdom remained for a 100 years before being destroyed by Justinian's armies? The Vandals.

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Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Three. Text: The Latin Library (thelatinlibrary.com), used with permission. Changes: HTML markup removed and the text divided into reading sections by Interlinea.
License: Used with permission (https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/about.html). Source: https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/certamen/afa2001.3.3.html.