# Round Three 1.1-14

Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Three, Lines 1.1-1.14. Latin.

Canonical: https://interlinea.aeterna-institute.org/library/latin/virginia-certamen-questions/round-three-13/1.1

Bonus: Whom did Caesar defeat at this battle? Pharnaces.
2. Another name for the dictator in early Roman times was "master of the people." What is that expression in Latin? Magister populi.
Bonus: Translate into Latin: Cincinnatus was made dictator. Cincinnatus dictator factus est (fiebat).
3. When Julius Caesar was appointed dictator in 46. B.C., he was given a term of ten years. How much longer was this than the usual maximum term? Nine and a half years.
Bonus: What famous dictator was in his fields plowing when he found that he had been appointed to save Rome from the enemy? Cincinnatus
4. Every dictator appointed an assistant called the magister equitum . What does that mean? Master of the horse/cavalry.
Bonus: Who was Julius Caesar's magister equitum ? Marcus Antonius.
5. Plutarch tells us that Marc Antony sometimes wore a large, coarse mantle, perhaps resembling a lion skin, because he fancied himself to be a descendant of what ancient hero? Hercules.
Bonus: How did Hercules kill the Nemean lion? He clubbed it to death.
6. What type of ablative is used in the following sentence: Feminae magna diligentia laborant ? Ablative of manner.
Bonus: Translate the following sentence into Latin: Men work with diligence. Viri cum diligentia laborant.
7. I once heard a story about a woman who whispered "Alea iacta est" after she said "I do" in her wedding ceremony. Why was it strangely appropriate under the circumstances? The phrase marks an event that could not be undone.
Bonus: What was the date of the original famous event? January 10, 49 B.C.
8. Roman baths were very popular, and there was much more to going to the baths than just getting clean. For instance, what would Romans often do in the palaestra at the baths? Exercise.

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Virginia Certamen Questions, Round Three. Text: The Latin Library (thelatinlibrary.com), used with permission. Changes: HTML markup removed and the text divided into reading sections by Interlinea.
License: Used with permission (https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/about.html). Source: https://www.thelatinlibrary.com/certamen/afa1.3.html.