Ancient Greek · ~10 min
Chapter 5
Athanasius Alexandrinus, Oratio III contra Arianos 5
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5. ‘Ο δὲ ἀκούων τὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς λεγόμενα ἐφʼ Υἱοῦ ὄψεται καὶ οὕτω τὸν Πατέρα ‘ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ·’ θεωρήσει δὲ καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν ‘ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ,’ ὅταν τὰ λεγόμενα ἐφ᾿ Υἱοῦ ταῦτα λέγηται καὶ ἐπὶ Πατρός. Διὰ τί δὲ τὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐφʼ Υἱλοῦ λέγεται, ἢ| ὅτι ἐξ αὐτοῦ γέννημά ἐστιν ὁ Υἱός; διὰ τί δὲ καὶ τὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἴδιά ἐστι τοῦ Πατρὸς, ἢ ὅτι πάλιν τῆς οὐσίας αὐτοῦ ἴδιόν ἐστι γέννημα ὁ Υἱός; τῆς δὲ οὐσίας τοῦ Πατρὸς ἴδιον ὢν γέννημα ὁ Υἱὸς, εἰκότως καὶ τὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς λέγει ἑαυτοῦ εἶναι· ὅθεν πρεπόντως καὶ ἀκολούθως τῷ μὲν λέγειν, ‘ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἕν ἐσμεν,’ ἐπήγαγεν, ‘ἵνα γνῶτε, ὅτι ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ, καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἐν ἐμοί·’ τούτῳ δὲ πάλιν προσείρηκεν· ‘ὁ ἑωρακὼς ἐμὲ ἑώρακε τὸν Πατέρα·’ καὶ ἔστιν εἶς καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς νοῦς ἐν τοῖς τρισὶ τούτοις ῥητοῖς. Ὁ γὰρ οὕτως ἐγνωκὼς ὅτι ἕν εἰσιν ὁ Υἱὸς καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ, οἶδεν ὅτι αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ Πατρί ἐστι, καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ· ἡ γὰρ τοῦ Υἱοῦ θεότης τοῦ Πατρός ἐστι, καὶ αὐτὴ ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ ἐστι· καὶ ὁ τοῦτο δὲ καταλαβὼν πέπεισται ὅτι ὁ ἑωρακὼς τὸν Υἱὸν ἑώρακε τὸν Πατέρα· ἐν γὰρ τῷ Υἱῷ ἡ τοῦ Πατρὸς θεότης θεωρεῖται. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ παραδείγματος τῆς εἰκόνος τοῦ βασιλέως προσεχέστερόν τις κατανοεῖν δυνήσεται. Ἐν γὰρ τῇ εἰκόνι τὸ εἶδος καὶ ἡ μορφὴ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐστὶ, καὶ ἐν τῷ βασιλεῖ δὲ τὸ ἐν τῇ εἰκόνι εἶδός ἐστιν. Ἀπαράλλακτος γάρ ἐστιν ἡ ἐν τῇ εἰκόνι τοῦ βασιλέως ὁμοιότης· ὥστε τὸν ἐνορῶντα τῇ εἰκόνι ὁρᾷν ἐν αὐτῇ τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ τὸν πάλιν ὁρῶντα τὸν βασιλέα ἐπιγινώσκειν ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἐν τῇ εἰκόνι, Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ μὴ διαλλάττειν τὴν ὁμοιότητα, τῷ θέλοντι μετὰ τὴν εἰκόνα θεωρῆσαι τὸν βασιλέα εἴποι ἂν ἡ εἰκών· ‘Ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἕν ἐσμεν·’ ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐν ἐκείνῳ εἰμὶ, κἀκεῖνος ἐν ἐμοί· καὶ ὃ ὁρᾷς ἐν ἐμοὶ, τοῦτο ἐν ἐκείνῳ βλέπεις· καὶ ὃ ἑώρακας ἐν ἐκείνῳ, τοῦτο βλέπεις ἐν ἐμοί.’ Ὁ γοῦν προσκυνῶν τὴν εἰκόνα, ἐν αὐτῇ προσκυνεῖ καὶ τὴν βασιλέα· ἡ γὰρ ἐκείνου μορφὴ καὶ τὸ εἶδός ἐστιν ἡ εἰκών. Ἐπεὶ τοίνυν καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς εἰκών ἐστι τοῦ Πατρὸς, ἐξ ἀνάγκης ἐστὶ νοεῖν, ὅτι ἡ θεότης καὶ ἡ ἰδιότης τοῦ Πατρὸς τὸ εἶναι τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἐστι. Καὶ τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὃς ἐν μορφῇ Θεοῦ ὑπάρχων,’ καὶ, ‘ὁ Πατὴρ ἐν ἐμο.’