Greek adjective
πρῶτος
πρῶτος, -η, -ον
πρῶτος is a Greek adjective. In the 3 analysed lines it was read in, it means “first” (2 times) and “at first” (once).
In the texts
Each line as the reader shows it: every word in its case colour with its meaning underneath, and arcs from πρῶτος to the words it goes with.
Κἀκεῖνος τὸ μὲν πρῶτον μετρίως προσέλαμψε·
And that man at first shone moderately.
πρῶτον: tells how or when about προσέλαμψε.
ἐν μὲν οὖν τῷ πρώτῳ χρόνῳ, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, πασῶν ἦν βελτίστη·
Therefore, in the first period, O Athenians, she was the best of all.
πρώτῳ: describes χρόνῳ.
…πᾶσι, Διὸς δ’ ἐτελείετο βουλή, ἐξ οὗ δὴ τὰ πρῶτα διαστήτην ἐρίσαντε Ἀτρεΐδης τε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν καὶ δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς
Sing, goddess, the wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus, a destructive wrath, which placed countless pains upon the Achaeans, and sent forth many valiant souls of heroes to Hades, and made their bodies a prey for dogs and all birds—and the will of Zeus was accomplished—from the moment when first the son of Atreus, lord of men, and godlike Achilles, stood apart in quarrel.
πρῶτα: tells how or when about διαστήτην.
Forms
Every form of the word in these texts, with what it is.
| Form | Grammar | Read |
|---|---|---|
| πρῶτα | Accusative · Plural · Neuter · Superlative | 1 |
| πρῶτον | Accusative · Singular · Neuter | 1 |
| πρώτῳ | Dative · Singular · Masculine | 1 |
Words it goes with
Joined to πρῶτος by an arc in these lines, most often first.
Grammar
- About the accusativeThe Greek accusative marks the direct object, motion towards after εἰς and πρός, and the subject of an infinitive. Real lines from Homer, Aesop and John.
- About the dativeThe Greek dative marks to whom or for whom, and also by what means and where. Its uses and endings, with real lines from Aesop, John and Homer.
- About agreementHow Greek articles, adjectives and participles agree with their nouns in case, number and gender, and how the article frames a phrase, shown in real lines.
- About word orderWhy a Greek adjective can stand far from its noun, as in the Odyssey’s first line: the endings carry the grammar, so order is free for emphasis.