Greek conjunction and particle
δέ
δέ is a Greek conjunction and particle. In the 23 analysed lines it was read in, it means “and” (19 times), “but” (10 times), “but/and” (2 times) and “also” (once).
In the texts
Each line as the reader shows it: every word in its case colour with its meaning underneath, and arcs from δέ to the words it goes with.
ἀπαλλαττομένη δὲ πρὸς ἑαυτὴν εἶπεν·
And departing, she said to herself:
δὲ: joins εἶπεν to what comes before.
ἐγὼ δ’ οὖν καὶ αὐτὸς ὑπ’ αὐτῶν ὀλίγου ἐμαυτοῦ ἐπελαθόμην, οὕτω πιθανῶς ἔλεγον.
So I myself, under their influence, almost forgot myself, so persuasively did they speak.
δ’: joins ἐπελαθόμην to what comes before.
ἔδοξε δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐκείνῳ τὴν νίκην ἀπονεῖμαι, ὃς ἂν αὐτῶν ἄνθρωπον ὁδοιπόρον ἐκδύσῃ.
It seemed good to them to assign the victory to him, whichever of them should strip a traveling man.
δὲ: joins ἔδοξε to what comes before.
Δαρείου καὶ Παρυσάτιδος γίγνονται παῖδες δύο, πρεσβύτερος μὲν Ἀρταξέρξης, νεώτερος δὲ Κῦρος·
From Darius and Parysatis two sons are born: the elder Artaxerxes, the younger Cyrus.
δὲ: joins Κῦρος to what comes before.
ἐπειδὴ δέ μοι παιδίον γίγνεται, ἐπίστευον ἤδη καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐμαυτοῦ ἐκείνῃ παρέδωκα, ἡγούμενος ταύτην οἰκειότητα μεγίστην εἶναι·
But since a child was born to me, I now trusted her and handed over all my belongings to her, believing this to be the greatest bond of kinship.
δέ: joins ἐπίστευον to what comes before.
πολλῶν δ’ ἀνθρώπων ἴδεν ἄστεα καὶ νόον ἔγνω, πολλὰ δ’ ὅ…
He saw the cities of many men and knew their minds; he suffered many pains on the sea in his heart, striving for his own life and the return of his comrades.
δ’: joins ἴδεν to what comes before.
…ἔργα μεγάλα τε καὶ θωμαστά, τὰ μὲν Ἕλλησι τὰ δὲ βαρβάροισι ἀποδεχθέντα, ἀκλεᾶ γένηται, τά τε ἄλλα καὶ δι’…
This is the publication of the history of Herodotus of Halicarnassus, in order that neither the things that came into being from humans may become faded by time, nor great and wondrous deeds, some by Greeks and some by barbarians, may become inglorious, and also (to explain) the other things and for what reason they waged war against one another.
δὲ: joins βαρβάροισι to what comes before.
…Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί’ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε’ ἔθηκε, πολλὰς δ’ ἰφθίμους ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἑλώρια τεῦχε…
Sing, goddess, the wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus, a destructive wrath, which placed countless pains upon the Achaeans, and sent forth many valiant souls of heroes to Hades, and made their bodies a prey for dogs and all birds—and the will of Zeus was accomplished—from the moment when first the son of Atreus, lord of men, and godlike Achilles, stood apart in quarrel.
δ’: joins προΐαψεν to what comes before.
Forms
Every form of the word in these texts, with what it is.
| Form | Grammar | Read |
|---|---|---|
| δὲ | Conjunction | 19 |
| δ’ | Conjunction | 9 |
| δέ | Conjunction | 2 |
| δὲ | Particle | 2 |
Words it goes with
Joined to δέ by an arc in these lines, most often first.