Greek noun
ἀνήρ
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ
ἀνήρ is a Greek noun. In the 7 analysed lines it was read in, it means “of men” (2 times), “a husband” (once), “husband” (once) and “man” (once).
In the texts
Each line as the reader shows it: every word in its case colour with its meaning underneath, and arcs from ἀνήρ to the words it goes with.
Ὅτι μὲν ὑμεῖς, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, πεπόνθατε ὑπὸ τῶν ἐμῶν κατηγόρων, οὐκ οἶδα·
What you, O men of Athens, have suffered from my accusers, I do not know.
ἄνδρες: addressed directly, with πεπόνθατε.
Ἄνδρα μοι ἔννεπε, μοῦσα, πολύτροπον, ὃς μάλα πολλὰ πλάγχθη, ἐπεὶ Τροίης ἱερὸν πτολίεθρον ἔπερσεν·
Tell me, O Muse, of the much-traveled man, who wandered very much, after he sacked the sacred citadel of Troy.
Ἄνδρα: object of ἔννεπε.
Φαίνεταί μοι κῆνος ἴσος θέοισιν ἔμμεν’ ὤνηρ, ὄττις ἐνάντιός τοι ἰσδάνει καὶ πλάσιον ἆδυ φωνείσας ὐπακούει…
That man seems to me to be equal to the gods, whoever sits facing you and listens close by to you speaking sweetly and laughing charmingly, which truly set the heart in my breast fluttering.
ὤνηρ: subject of Φαίνεταί.
…νάπαισι Πηλίου πεσεῖν ποτε τμηθεῖσα πεύκη, μηδ’ ἐρετμῶσαι χέρας ἀνδρῶν ἀρίστων, οἳ τὸ πάγχρυσον δέρας Πελίᾳ μετῆλθον
Would that the hull of the Argo had never flown through to the land of the Colchians past the Dark Clashing Rocks, and that the pine tree, having been cut, had never fallen on the slopes of Pelion, nor fashioned oars for the hands of the best men who pursued the all-golden fleece for Pelias.
ἀνδρῶν: goes with χέρας (“of …”).
…οὗ δὴ τὰ πρῶτα διαστήτην ἐρίσαντε Ἀτρεΐδης τε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν καὶ δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς
Sing, goddess, the wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus, a destructive wrath, which placed countless pains upon the Achaeans, and sent forth many valiant souls of heroes to Hades, and made their bodies a prey for dogs and all birds—and the will of Zeus was accomplished—from the moment when first the son of Atreus, lord of men, and godlike Achilles, stood apart in quarrel.
ἀνδρῶν: goes with ἄναξ (“of …”).
…πείσασα Πελιάδας κόρας πατέρα κατῴκει τήνδε γῆν Κορινθίαν ξὺν ἀνδρὶ καὶ τέκνοισιν, ἁνδάνουσα μὲν φυγῇ πολιτῶν ὧν ἀφίκετο χθόνα…
Nor would she now be living in this Corinthian land with her husband and children, having persuaded the daughters of Pelias to kill their father, pleasing the citizens to whose land she came in exile, and herself agreeing with Jason in everything.
ἀνδρὶ: object of the preposition ξὺν; the phrase goes with κατῴκει.
ἥπερ μεγίστη γίγνεται σωτηρία, ὅταν γυνὴ πρὸς ἄνδρα μὴ διχοστατῇ.
which becomes the greatest salvation, when a wife is not at odds with her husband.
ἄνδρα: object of the preposition πρὸς; the phrase goes with διχοστατῇ.
Forms
Every form of the word in these texts, with what it is.
| Form | Grammar | Read |
|---|---|---|
| ἄνδρα | Accusative · Singular · Masculine | 2 |
| ἀνδρῶν | Genitive · Plural · Masculine | 2 |
| ἄνδρες | Vocative · Plural · Masculine | 1 |
| ἀνδρὶ | Dative · Singular · Masculine | 1 |
| ὤνηρ | Nominative · Singular · Masculine | 1 |
Words it goes with
Joined to ἀνήρ by an arc in these lines, most often first.
Grammar
- About the accusativeThe Greek accusative marks the direct object, motion towards after εἰς and πρός, and the subject of an infinitive. Real lines from Homer, Aesop and John.
- About the genitiveThe Greek genitive covers “of” and “from”: possession, the whole a part belongs to, prepositions and the genitive absolute. Real lines from John and Aesop.
- About the vocativeThe Greek vocative is the case of address, often after ὦ: ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι. How it differs from the nominative, with real lines from Homer and Plato.
- About the dativeThe Greek dative marks to whom or for whom, and also by what means and where. Its uses and endings, with real lines from Aesop, John and Homer.
- About the nominativeThe Greek nominative names the subject and the word that renames it after εἰμί. How to spot it, and how the article helps, with lines from John and Aesop.