Greek pronoun
ἐγώ
ἐγώ is a Greek pronoun. In the 12 analysed lines it was read in, it means “to me” (7 times), “me” (3 times), “I” (2 times) and “for me” (once).
In the texts
Each line as the reader shows it: every word in its case colour with its meaning underneath, and arcs from ἐγώ to the words it goes with.
ἐγὼ δ’ οὖν καὶ αὐτὸς ὑπ’ αὐτῶν ὀλίγου ἐμαυτοῦ ἐπελαθόμην, οὕτω πιθανῶς ἔλεγον.
So I myself, under their influence, almost forgot myself, so persuasively did they speak.
ἐγὼ: subject of ἐπελαθόμην.
Ἄνδρα μοι ἔννεπε, μοῦσα, πολύτροπον, ὃς μάλα πολλὰ πλάγχθη, ἐπεὶ Τροίης ἱερὸν πτολίεθρον ἔπερσεν·
Tell me, O Muse, of the much-traveled man, who wandered very much, after he sacked the sacred citadel of Troy.
μοι: indirect object of ἔννεπε, to or for whom it is done.
Φαίνεταί μοι κῆνος ἴσος θέοισιν ἔμμεν’ ὤνηρ, ὄττις ἐνάντιός τοι ἰσδάνει…
That man seems to me to be equal to the gods, whoever sits facing you and listens close by to you speaking sweetly and laughing charmingly, which truly set the heart in my breast fluttering.
μοι: indirect object of Φαίνεταί, to or for whom it is done.
…ἀδύνατα ἦν, ἐκ δὲ τεκμηρίων ὧν ἐπὶ μακρότατον σκοποῦντί μοι πιστεῦσαι ξυμβαίνει οὐ μεγάλα νομίζω γενέσθαι οὔτε κατὰ τοὺς…
For it was impossible to find out clearly the events before them and even older ones due to the great amount of time; but from the evidence which it is possible for me to trust after observing it at length, I consider that neither great things happened regarding the wars nor in other matters.
μοι: indirect object of σκοποῦντί, to or for whom it is done.
Ἐγὼ γάρ, ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐπειδὴ ἔδοξέ μοι γῆμαι καὶ γυναῖκα…
For I, O Athenians, since it seemed good to me to marry and I brought a wife into the house, for all the other time I behaved so as neither to grieve nor to be overly dependent on her to do whatever she might wish, and I kept watch as much as was possible, and I paid attention as was fitting.
Ἐγὼ: subject of διεκείμην.
τῶν ἁμόθεν γε, θεά, θύγατερ Διός, εἰπὲ καὶ ἡμῖν.
From some source, goddess, daughter of Zeus, tell us too.
ἡμῖν: indirect object of εἰπὲ, to or for whom it is done.
ἐπειδὴ δέ μοι παιδίον γίγνεται, ἐπίστευον ἤδη καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐμαυτοῦ ἐκείνῃ παρέδωκα, ἡγούμενος ταύτην οἰκειότητα μεγίστην εἶναι·
But since a child was born to me, I now trusted her and handed over all my belongings to her, believing this to be the greatest bond of kinship.
μοι: indirect object of γίγνεται, to or for whom it is done.
…ἐν ᾧ ἔλεγον ὡς χρῆν ὑμᾶς εὐλαβεῖσθαι μὴ ὑπ’ ἐμοῦ ἐξαπατηθῆτε ὡς δεινοῦ ὄντος λέγειν
But most of all I marveled at one of their many lies, this one in which they said that it was necessary for you to be wary lest you be deceived by me, as though I were skilled in speaking.
ἐμοῦ: object of the preposition ὑπ’; the phrase goes with ἐξαπατηθῆτε.
Forms
Every form of the word in these texts, with what it is.
| Form | Grammar | Read |
|---|---|---|
| μοι | Dative · Singular | 7 |
| ἐγὼ | Nominative · Singular | 2 |
| ἐμοῦ | Genitive · Singular | 2 |
| ἔγωγε | Nominative · Singular | 1 |
| ἔμ’ | Dative · Singular · Feminine | 1 |
| ἡμῖν | Dative · Plural | 1 |
| μ’ | Dative · Singular | 1 |
| με | Accusative · Singular | 1 |
| μοι | Dative · Singular · Masculine | 1 |
Words it goes with
Joined to ἐγώ by an arc in these lines, most often first.
Grammar
- About the dativeThe Greek dative marks to whom or for whom, and also by what means and where. Its uses and endings, with real lines from Aesop, John and Homer.
- About the nominativeThe Greek nominative names the subject and the word that renames it after εἰμί. How to spot it, and how the article helps, with lines from John and Aesop.
- About the genitiveThe Greek genitive covers “of” and “from”: possession, the whole a part belongs to, prepositions and the genitive absolute. Real lines from John and Aesop.
- About the accusativeThe Greek accusative marks the direct object, motion towards after εἰς and πρός, and the subject of an infinitive. Real lines from Homer, Aesop and John.