Latin noun and proper noun
deus
deus, deī m.
deus is a Latin noun and proper noun. In the 10 analysed lines it was read in, it means “God” (3 times), “gods” (2 times), “of the gods” (2 times) and “the gods” (2 times).
In the texts
Each line as the reader shows it: every word in its case colour with its meaning underneath, and arcs from deus to the words it goes with.
Perseus filius erat Iovis, maximi deorum;
Perseus was the son of Jupiter, the greatest of the gods.
deorum: goes with maximi (“of …”).
In principio creavit Deus caelum et terram.
In the beginning God created heaven and earth.
Deus: subject of creavit.
Tu ne quaesieris, scire nefas, quem mihi, quem tibi finem di dederint, Leuconoe, nec Babylonios temptaris numeros.
You should not ask—it is forbidden to know—what end the gods have given to me, what end to you, Leuconoe, nor should you consult Babylonian calculations.
di: subject of dederint.
di, coeptis (nam vos mutastis et illas) adspirate meis primaque ab origine mundi ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen.
Gods, favor my undertakings (for you also changed those things) and from the very beginning of the world lead a continuous song down to my times.
di: addressed directly, with adspirate.
Et cum orta subito tempestate non comparuisset, anno regni tricesimo septimo ad deos transisse creditus est et consecratus.
And when he had not suddenly appeared, a storm having arisen, in the thirty-seventh year of his reign he was believed to have passed to the gods and was consecrated.
deos: object of the preposition ad; the phrase goes with transisse.
multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem, inferretque deos Latio, genus unde Latinum, Albanique patres, atque altae moenia Romae.
and having suffered much also in war, until he founded a city, and brought his gods to Latium, whence came the Latin race, and the Alban fathers, and the walls of high Rome.
deos: object of inferretque.
Terra autem erat inanis et vacua, et tenebrae erant super faciem abyssi: et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas.
But the earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep: and the Spirit of God was carried over the waters.
Dei: goes with spiritus (“of …”).
Musa, mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso, quidve dolens, regina deum tot volvere casus insignem pietate virum, tot adire labores impulerit.
Muse, recall for me the reasons, by what divine will having been offended, or grieving at what, the queen of the gods compelled a man outstanding in piety to undergo so many misfortunes, to approach so many labors.
deum: goes with regina (“of …”).
Forms
Every form of the word in these texts, with what it is.
| Form | Grammar | Read |
|---|---|---|
| Deus | Nominative · Singular · Masculine | 3 |
| deos | Accusative · Plural · Masculine | 2 |
| dei | Genitive · Singular · Masculine | 1 |
| deorum | Genitive · Plural · Masculine | 1 |
| deum | Genitive · Plural · Masculine | 1 |
| di | Nominative · Plural · Masculine | 1 |
| di | Vocative · Plural · Masculine | 1 |
Words it goes with
Joined to deus by an arc in these lines, most often first.
Grammar
- About the nominativeThe Latin nominative names the subject of a verb, and whatever renames the subject after sum. How to spot it, with real lines from Genesis and Eutropius.
- About the accusativeThe Latin accusative marks the direct object and follows prepositions of motion such as ad and in. Uses and endings, with real lines from Genesis and Eutropius.
- About the genitiveThe Latin genitive ties one noun to another, where English says “of” or adds ’s. Its uses and endings, with real lines from the story of Perseus and Genesis.
- About the vocativeThe Latin vocative is the case of direct address: mi Lucili, mea Lesbia, lupe. How it differs from the nominative, in lines from Seneca, Catullus, Phaedrus.